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Investigating the effect of oil spills
on the environment and public health.
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Chen Xu

Texas A&M University at Galveston

Marine Sciences Department

P.O. Box 1675
Galveston , TX  77553  

xuc@tamug.edu

Project List:

Aggregation and Degradation of Dispersants and Oil by Microbial Exopolymers 2 (ADDOMEx-2): Towards a synthesis of process and pathways of marine oil snow formation

Year 8-10 Research Grants (RFP-VI)Role: Research Scientist

Aggregation and Degradation of Dispersants and Oil by Microbial Exopolymers (ADDOMEx)

Year 5-7 Consortia Grants (RFP-IV)Role: Task Co-Lead, Research Scientist

Publications & Presentations:

Journal Articles - 24

2021

Chen, C. - S., Shiu, R. - F., Hsieh, Y. - Y., Xu, C., Vazquez, C. I., Cui, Y., et al. (2021). Stickiness of extracellular polymeric substances on different surfaces via magnetic tweezers. Science of The Total Environment, 757, 143766. doi
Quigg, A., Santschi, P. H., Xu, C., Ziervogel, K., Kamalanathan, M., Chin, W. - C., et al. (2021). Aggregation and Degradation of Dispersants and Oil by Microbial Exopolymers (ADDOMEx): Toward a Synthesis of Processes and Pathways of Marine Oil Snow Formation in Determining the Fate of Hydrocarbons. Front. Mar. Sci., 8, E642160. doi
Sun, L., Xu, C., Lin, P., Quigg, A., Chin, W. - C., & Santschi, P. H. (2021). Photo-oxidation of proteins facilitates the preservation of high molecular weight dissolved organic nitrogen in the ocean. Marine Chemistry, 229, 103907. doi

2020

Bacosa, H. P., Kamalanathan, M., Cullen, J., Shi, D., Xu, C., Schwehr, K. A., et al. (2020). Marine Snow Aggregates are Enriched in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Oil Contaminated Waters: Insights from a Mesocosm Study. Jmse, 8(10), 781. doi
Genzer, J. L., Kamalanathan, M., Bretherton, L., Hillhouse, J., Xu, C., Santschi, P. H., et al. (2020). Diatom aggregation when exposed to crude oil and chemical dispersant: Potential impacts of ocean acidification. PLoS ONE, 15(7), e0235473. doi
Kamalanathan, M., Doyle, S. M., Xu, C., Achberger, A. M., Wade, T. L., Schwehr, K., et al. (2020). Exoenzymes as a Signature of Microbial Response to Marine Environmental Conditions. mSystems, 5(2). doi
Lin, P., Xu, C., Xing, W., Sun, L., Schwehr, K. A., Quigg, A., et al. (2020). Partitioning of iron and plutonium to exopolymeric substances and intracellular biopolymers: A comparison study between the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and the diatom Skeletonema costatum. Marine Chemistry, 218(January 2020), 103735. doi
Santschi, P. H., Xu, C., Schwehr, K. A., Lin, P., Sun, L., Chin, W. - C., et al. (2020). Can the protein/carbohydrate (P/C) ratio of exopolymeric substances (EPS) be used as a proxy for their 'stickiness' and aggregation propensity? Marine Chemistry, 218, 103734. doi
Shiu, R. - F., Chiu, M. - H., Vazquez, C. I., Tsai, Y. - Y., Le, A., Kagiri, A., et al. (2020). Protein to carbohydrate (P/C) ratio changes in microbial extracellular polymeric substances induced by oil and Corexit. Marine Chemistry, 223, 103789. doi

2019

Bretherton, L., Kamalanathan, M., Genzer, J., Hillhouse, J., Setta, S., Liang, Y., et al. (2019). Response of natural phytoplankton communities exposed to crude oil and chemical dispersants during a mesocosm experiment. Aquatic Toxicology, 206, 43–53. doi
Chiu, M. - H., Vazquez, C. I., Shiu, R. - F., Le, C., Sanchez, N. R., Kagiri, A., et al. (2019). Impact of exposure of crude oil and dispersant (Corexit) on aggregation of extracellular polymeric substances. Science of The Total Environment, 657, 1535–1542. doi
Passow, U., Sweet, J., Francis, S., Xu, C., Dissanayake, A., Lin, Y., et al. (2019). Incorporation of oil into diatom aggregates. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 612, 65–86. doi
Sun, L., Chin, W. - C., Chiu, M. - H., Xu, C., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., et al. (2019). Sunlight induced aggregation of dissolved organic matter: Role of proteins in linking organic carbon and nitrogen cycling in seawater. Science of The Total Environment, 654, 872–877. doi
Wozniak, A. S., Prem, P. M., Obeid, W., Waggoner, D. C., Quigg, A., Xu, C., et al. (2019). Rapid Degradation of Oil in Mesocosm Simulations of Marine Oil Snow Events. Environ. Sci. Technol., 53(7), 3441–3450. doi
Xu, C., Chin, W. - C., Lin, P., Chen, H., Chiu, M. - H., Waggoner, D. C., et al. (2019). Comparison of microgels, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) determined in seawater with and without oil. Marine Chemistry, 215, 103667. doi
Xu, C., Lin, P., Zhang, S., Sun, L., Xing, W., Schwehr, K. A., et al. (2019). The interplay of extracellular polymeric substances and oil/Corexit to affect the petroleum incorporation into sinking marine oil snow in four mesocosms. Science of The Total Environment, 693, 133626. doi

2018

Kamalanathan, M., Schwehr, K. A., Bretherton, L., Genzer, J., Hillhouse, J., Xu, C., et al. (2018). Diagnostic tool to ascertain marine phytoplankton exposure to chemically enhanced water accommodated fraction of oil using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 130, 170–178. doi
Kamalanathan, M., Xu, C., Schwehr, K., Bretherton, L., Beaver, M., Doyle, S. M., et al. (2018). Extracellular Enzyme Activity Profile in a Chemically Enhanced Water Accommodated Fraction of Surrogate Oil: Toward Understanding Microbial Activities After the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Front. Microbiol., 9. doi
Schwehr, K. A., Xu, C., Chiu, M. - H., Zhang, S., Sun, L., Lin, P., et al. (2018). Protein: Polysaccharide ratio in exopolymeric substances controlling the surface tension of seawater in the presence or absence of surrogate Macondo oil with and without Corexit. Marine Chemistry, 206, 84–92. doi
Sun, L., Chiu, M. - H., Xu, C., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., Bacosa, H., et al. (2018). The effects of sunlight on the composition of exopolymeric substances and subsequent aggregate formation during oil spills. Marine Chemistry, 203(June 2018), 49–54. doi
Xu, C., Zhang, S., Beaver, M., Lin, P., Sun, L., Doyle, S. M., et al. (2018). The role of microbially-mediated exopolymeric substances (EPS) in regulating Macondo oil transport in a mesocosm experiment. Marine Chemistry, 206, 52–61. doi
Xu, C., Zhang, S., Beaver, M., Wozniak, A., Obeid, W., Lin, Y., et al. (2018). Decreased sedimentation efficiency of petro- and non-petro-carbon caused by a dispersant for Macondo surrogate oil in a mesocosm simulating a coastal microbial community. Marine Chemistry, 206, 34–43. doi

2017

Sun, L., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., Quigg, A., et al. (2017). Light-induced aggregation of microbial exopolymeric substances. Chemosphere, 181, 675–681. doi

2016

Quigg, A., Passow, U., Chin, W. - C., Xu, C., Doyle, S., Bretherton, L., et al. (2016). The role of microbial exopolymers in determining the fate of oil and chemical dispersants in the ocean: Interactions of microbial exopolymers in oil and chemical dispersants. Limnol. Oceanogr., 1(1), 3–26. doi

Conference Presentations - 39

2020

Santschi, P., Xu, C., Schwehr, K. A., Lin, P., Sun, L., Chin, W. - C., et al. (2020). Can the protein/carbohydrate (P/C) ratio of exopolymeric substances (EPS) be used as a proxy for its 'stickiness' and other biophysical properties? In Ocean Sciences Meeting 2020. San Diego, CA : 02/16/20-02/21/20. openurl

2019

Bretherton, L., Kamalanathan, M., Genzer, J., Hillhouse, J., Setta, S., Liang, Y., et al. (2019). Response of Natural Phytoplankton Communities Exposed to Crude Oil and Chemical Dispersants during a Mesocosm Experiment. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2019. New Orleans, LA : 02/04/19-02/07/19. openurl
Chin, W., Vazquez, C., Tsai, S., Xu, C., Kamalanathan, M., Bacosa, H., et al. (2019). Impacts of Crude Oil and Corexit on Extracellular Polymeric Substances: Their Production and Chemical Composition. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2019. New Orleans, LA : 02/04/19-02/07/19. openurl
Lin, P., Xu, C., Passow, U., Chin, W., Chen, H., Chiu, M., et al. (2019). Comparison of Exopolymeric Substances (EPS), Transparent Exopolymeric Particles (TEP) and Microgels in Mesocosms and Batch Experiments with Macondo Oil Water Accommodated Fraction. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2019. New Orleans, LA : 02/04/19-02/07/19: Poster. openurl
Sun, L., Chin, W., Chiu, M., Xu, C., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., et al. (2019). Sunlight Induced Aggregation of Dissolved Organic Matter in Seawater: Role of Proteins in Biologically Mediated Processes. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2019. New Orleans, LA : 02/04/19-02/07/19. openurl
Waggoner, D. C., Hughey, M., Yard, A., Schwehr, K. A., Doyle, S., Xu, C., et al. (2019). An Investigation into the Effects of Biodegradation vs. Photodegradation During Mesocosm Experiments. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2019. New Orleans, LA : 02/04/19-02/07/19. openurl
White, A. R., Jalali-Mousavi, M., Bacosa, H. P., Xu, C., Chin, W., Schwehr, K. A., et al. (2019). Drastic Differences in Aggregation on a Rising Oil Droplet Caused by Different EPS. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2019. New Orleans, LA : 02/04/19-02/07/19. openurl

2018

Bacosa, H., Kamalanathan, M., Cullen, J., Xu, C., Schwehr, K. A., Kaiser, K., et al. (2018). Marine snow aggregates are enriched in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in oil contaminated waters; insights from a mesocosm study. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2018. New Orleans, LA : 02/05/18-02/08/18: Poster. openurl
Bergen, C., Yard, A., Schwehr, K. A., Xu, C., Chiu, M. - H., Zhang, S., et al. (2018). Protein/polysaccharide ratio in exopolymeric substances controlling the surface tension of seawater in the presence or absence of oil and/or Corexit. In 2018 Texas A&M University at Galveston Student Research Symposium. Galveston, TX : 04/17/18-04/19/18: Poster. openurl
Chiu, M., -H., Goshia, T., Tsai, S. - M., Le, A. D., Kagiri, A., Ramos, J., et al. (2018). Corexit and Oil Can Alter Aggregation of Extracellular Polymeric Substances . In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2018. New Orleans, LA : 02/05/18-02/08/18: Poster. openurl
Lin, P., Xu, C., Sun, L., Schwehr, K. A., Xing, W., Yard, A., et al. (2018). Production of Exopolymeric Substances and the roles in oil transport in Water-Accommodated Fraction of Oil and Corexit/Oil Contaminated Mesocosms. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2018. New Orleans, LA : 02/05/18-02/08/18: Poster. openurl
Santschi, P. H., Passow, U., Chin, W. - C., Chiu, M. - H., Xu, C., Lin, P., et al. (2018). Comparison of Exopolymeric Substances (EPS) with Transparent Exopolymeric Particles (TEP) and Microgels in Mesocosms. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2018. New Orleans, LA : 02/05/18-02/08/18: Poster. openurl
Schwehr, K. A., Chiu, M. - H., Kamalanathan, M., Xu, C., Sun, L., Lin, P., et al. (2018). Insights on Does oil aggregate or emulsifyion with added dispersant? Results from measurements of surface tension, FTIR, and microscopy of Formation from colloidal EPS protein-polysaccharide interactions with oil and/or dispersants are added. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2018. New Orleans, LA : 02/05/18-02/08/18: Poster. openurl
Schwehr, K. A., Chiu, M. - H., Kamalanathan, M., Xu, C., Sun, L., Lin, P., et al. (2018). Insights on Marine Oil Snow or Emulsion Formation from Protein-Polysaccharide Interactions with Oil and Dispersant from Surface Tension and Microscopy. In Ocean Sciences Meeting 2018. Portland, OR : 02/11/18-02/16/18. openurl
Sun, L., Chiu, M. - H., Xu, C., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., Bacosa, H., et al. (2018). The effects of sunlight on the composition of exopolymeric substances affecting the aggregates formation during oil spills. In Ocean Sciences Meeting 2018. Portland, OR : 02/11/18-02/16/18: Poster. openurl
Sun, L., Chiu, M. - H., Xu, C., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., Bocosa, H., et al. (2018). The effects of sunlight on the composition of exopolymeric substances affecting aggregate formation during oil spills. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2018. New Orleans, LA : 02/05/18-02/08/18: Poster. openurl
White, A. R., Jalali, M., Bacosa, H., Kamalanathan, M., Sun, L., Xu, C., et al. (2018). The effect of EPS composition on the aggregate formation on a crude oil drop interface. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2018. New Orleans, LA : 02/05/18-02/08/18: Poster. openurl
Wozniak, A. S., Obeid, W., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Santschi, P., Quigg, A., et al. (2018). Rapid degradation of marine snow-associated oil during mesocosm simulations of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill event revealed by FTICR MS. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2018. New Orleans, LA : 02/05/18-02/08/18: Poster. openurl
Xu, C., Lin, P., Sun, L., Schwehr, K. A., Xing, W., Yard, A., et al. (2018). Effects of Water-Accommodated Fraction of Macondo Oil and Corexit on Oil Transport in Mesocosm Experiments. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2018. New Orleans, LA : 02/05/18-02/08/18: Poster. openurl
Yard, A., Passow, U., Chin, W. - C., Chiu, M. - H., Xu, C., Lin, P., et al. (2018). Comparison of Exopolymeric Substances (EPS) with Transparent Exopolymeric Particles (TEP) in Mesocosms Contaminated with Oil. In 2018 Texas A&M University at Galveston Student Research Symposium. Galveston, TX : 04/17/18-04/19/18: Poster. openurl

2017

Chiu, M., Zhang, S., Xu, C., Passow, U., Santschi, P., Quigg, A., et al. (2017). Potential Impact of Corexit on Marine Microgels. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2017. New Orleans, LA : 02/06/17-02/09/17: Poster. openurl
Kamalanathan, M., Xu, C., Sweet, J., Beaver, M., Zhang, S., Whitaker, E., et al. (2017). Microbial activity in Chemically Enhanced Water Accommodated Fraction of Surrogate Oil from BP Oil Spill. In ASLO 2017 Aquatic Sciences Meeting. Honolulu, HI : 02/26/17-03/03/17. openurl
Passow, U., Sweet, J., Chiu, M., Chin, W., Zhang, S., Xu, C., et al. (2017). The Role of Corexit for the Formation of Sinking Marine Oil Snow. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2017. New Orleans, LA : 02/06/17-02/09/17. openurl
Santschi, P. H., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Schwehr, K. A., Lin, P., Sun, L., et al. (2017). Effects of Water-Accommodated Fraction of Macondo Oil and Corexit on Sinking Marine Snow Formation and Oil Transport in Three Mesocosm Experiments. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2017. New Orleans, LA : 02/06/17-02/09/17. openurl
Schwehr, K. A., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Agueda, O., Beaver, M., Jackson, C., et al. (2017). Surface Tension and Chemical Composition of Exopolymeric Substances, EPS: Insights into Mechanisms of Aggregate Formation and Carbon Removal. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2017. New Orleans, LA : 02/06/17-02/09/17. openurl
Sun, L., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., Quigg, A., et al. (2017). Light-induced Aggregation of Bacterial Exopolymeric Substances. Gulf of Mexico. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2017. New Orleans, LA : 02/06/17-02/09/17: Poster. openurl
Wozniak, A. S., Obeid, W., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Santschi, P., Quigg, A., et al. (2017). Identifying oil/marine snow associations and oil transformations in mesocosm simulations of the Deep Water Horizon Oil Spill event. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2017. New Orleans, LA : 02/06/17-02/09/17. openurl
Xu, C., Zhang, S., Beaver, M., Lin, P., Sun, L., Schwehr, K. A., et al. (2017). Microbially-mediated exopolymeric substances production, composition and regulation of Macondo oil transport in two contrasting environments. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2017. New Orleans, LA : 02/06/17-02/09/17. openurl

2016

Agueda, O., Beaver, M., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., et al. (2016). Relationships between surface tension and chemical composition of exopolymeric substances (EPS) in the presence of water accommodated fraction (WAF) and Corexit in two contrasting environments: open ocean versus coastal ocean. In American Chemical Society Southwest Regional Meeting 2016 (ACS SWRM-2016). Galveston, TX : 11/10/16-11/13/16. openurl
Agueda, O., Jackson, C., Schwehr, K., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Santachi, P., et al. (2016). The Effects of Surface Tension in Relation to Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) Adhesion to Oil. In 2016 Texas A&M University at Galveston Student Research Symposium. Galveston, TX : 04/19/16-04/20/16: Poster. openurl
Beaver, M., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., Wade, T. L., et al. (2016). Production and composition of exopolymeric substances (EPS) in the presence of water accommodated fraction (WAF) oil and Corexit in two contrasting environments: open ocean versus coastal ocean. In American Chemical Society Southwest Regional Meeting 2016 (ACS SWRM-2016). Galveston, TX : 11/10/16-11/13/16. openurl
Beaver, M., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., Wade, T. L., et al. (2016). Production and Composition of Exopolymeric Substances (EPS) in the presence of Water Accomodated Fraction (WAF) Oil and Corexit in two contrasting Environments: Open Ocean versus Coastal Ocean. In 2016 Gulf Coast Undergraduate Research Symposium. Houston, TX : 10/22/16. openurl
Beaver, M., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Schwehr, K., Santachi, P., & Quigg, A. (2016). Exopolymeric Substances (EPS) Composition of Marine Oil Aggregate produced in a mesocosom experiment mimicking the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. In 2016 Texas A&M University at Galveston Student Research Symposium. Galveston, TX : 04/19/16-04/20/16: Poster. openurl
Doyle, S., Whitaker, E., Steichen, J., Brown, C., Genzer, J., Knapp, A., et al. (2016). Initial analysis of microbial community response to oil and Corexit in coastal water mesocosms. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2016. Tampa, FL : 02/01/16-02/04/16: Poster. openurl
Hatcher, P. G., Obeid, W., Wozniak, A. S., Xu, C., Zhang, S., & Santschi, P. (2016). Identifying oil/marine snow associations in mesocosm simulations of the Deep Water Horizon Oil Spill event using solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy. In American Chemical Society Southwest Regional Meeting 2016 (ACS SWRM-2016). Galveston, TX : 11/10/16-11/13/16. openurl
Passow, U., Sweet, J., Genzer, J., Schwehr, K., Xu, C., Zhang, S., et al. (2016). Oil, Diatom Exudation and Marine Oil Snow. In Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference 2016. Tampa, FL : 02/01/16-02/04/16: Poster. openurl
Sun, L., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., Quigg, A., et al. (2016). Light-induced Aggregation of Bacterial Exopolymeric Substances. In American Chemical Society Southwest Regional Meeting 2016 (ACS SWRM-2016). Galveston, TX : 11/10/16-11/13/16. openurl
Sun, L., Xu, C., Zhang, S., Lin, P., Schwehr, K. A., Quigg, A., et al. (2016). Light-induced Aggregation of Bacterial Exopolymeric Substances. In Inaugural Texas A&M Postdoctoral Research Symposium. College Station, TX : 09/21/16. openurl
Xu, C., Zhang, S., Beaver, M., Lin, P., Sun, L., Schwehr, K. A., et al. (2016). Effects of Water-Accommodated Fraction (WAF) of Macondo Oil and Corexit on Formation of Marine Snow and Their Fate in Mesocosm Experiments. In American Chemical Society Southwest Regional Meeting 2016 (ACS SWRM-2016). Galveston, TX : 11/10/16-11/13/16. openurl
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